"The Alfa Romeo 12C or Tipo C was a 12 cylinder Grand Prix car. The 12C-36 made its debut in Tripoli Grand Prix 1936, and the 12C-37 in Coppa Acerbo 1937. The 12C36 was a Tipo C fitted with the new V12 instead of the 3.8 straight-eight of the 8C-35. The 12C-37 was a new car, with a lower chassis and an engine bored and stroked to 4475 cc, now with roller- instead of plain bearings and two smaller superchargers instead of a single large one.

The car suffered poor handling, which could not be cured in time for the 1937 Italian GP, and thus was not successful. This is given as the reason for Vittorio Jano's resignation from Alfa Romeo at the end of 1937.[2]. The 12C-36 used the existing six Tipo C chassis. The 12C-37 was built in four examples, albeit only two were actually assembled for the 1937 Coppa Acerbo and Italian GP.

Early in 1938, the Tipo C (8C-35,12C36) chassis were modified into 308, with the straight-eight engine fitted lower in the chassis and a completely new body. The four 12C37 chassis were instead assembled into 312 (V12 downsized to 3-litre) and 316 (V16 obtained from two 158 engines fitted to a common cranckcase) formula race cars."

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